Durum wheat is known for its high quality and rich protein content. Thanks to its resistance to processing, it has become an indispensable ingredient for making pasta, bulgur, couscous, and even beer. In Ukraine, the demand for this crop is growing rapidly due to its popularity on the global market, stable domestic consumption and favorable conditions for export.
Prospects for growing grain crops
Despite the fact that durum wheat accounts for only 5% of total global production, it is strategically important for many countries. Ukraine is one of the six largest exporters. International grain shipments cover more than 4% of the global market for this crop. The main buyers are the countries of Africa and the Middle East, in particular Egypt and Lebanon. Thanks to its favorable climate and large acreage, Ukraine has the opportunity to increase its production and exports.
Popular grain varieties
Ukraine grows several well-known durum wheat varieties, including:
- Golden fleece is highly resistant to disease and lodging, often used in the production of pasta.
- Gardemarin is a frost-resistant variety that can withstand stress and disease, making it an excellent choice for growing in unstable climates.
- Amber, in turn, is popular in the steppe regions due to its high yields and high-quality grain.
- The continent is resistant to drought and low temperatures, the best choice for unstable weather conditions.
- Aqueduct is a high-yielding variety with excellent resistance to disease and cold.
Cultivation conditions and wheat technologies
For the successful cultivation of durum wheat, predecessors in the crop rotation are important. Among the best predecessors are legumes that improve the soil and enrich it with nitrogen, as well as perennial grasses and vegetables that preserve fertility.
The protein level plays a key role: durum wheat with a protein content of more than 11.5% is chosen by food companies for pasta production. This makes products made from this grain stronger and more resistant to digestion. This allows Ukrainian producers to ensure high quality grain for both the domestic and international markets.
Thus, durum wheat is a promising crop for the Ukrainian agricultural sector. Every year the demand for it is growing both on the domestic and foreign markets, which opens up new opportunities for domestic farmers. High yields, excellent grain quality and the ability to grow sustainably even in difficult climatic conditions are the main reasons why durum wheat is considered an important component of the Ukrainian agricultural industry. With proper support, modern growing and marketing technologies, Ukraine has every chance to become one of the leaders in the global durum wheat market.
